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Wednesday, September 2, 2020
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Islam is the religion enunciated by the Quran, a book considered by its disciples to be the verbatim expression of the single unique God and by the Islamic prophet Muhammad's exhibitions and genuine models. The word Islam is a homograph, having different implications which are legitimately decipher as harmony. Different implications incorporate accommodation or the complete acquiescence of oneself to God. The source of Islam goes back to the formation of the world. All the prophets who resulted in these present circumstances world lectured a similar message of putting stock in one God and to acknowledge them as His delegate. The prophets were additionally honored with a sign of heavenly will or truth. Similarly, Prophet Mohammad was additionally a delegate of God. He uncovered reality and the lifestyle through the Holy Quran. Prior to the introduction of Prophet Mohammad, the Arab society was sunk into obscurity. In spite of the fact that the Arabs had confidence in the solidarity of God, however they likewise asserted that God has endowed His obligations to different divine beings, goddesses and symbols. For this reason, they had in excess of 360 symbols. They thought about blessed messengers as the girls of God. They were oblivious of social qualities. They were roaming individuals who were subject to cows for their living. There was no legislature or law. All influence existed with the rich. The general public was brimming with barbarity and fierceness. Clans battled with one another over insignificant issues for quite a long time. A slight contention over ponies or water could prompt the butchering of thousands of honest individuals. It was the introduction of Prophet Mohammad in 570 A. D in the city of Makkah which carried an upheaval to the whole destiny of the traveling Arabs. He got acclaimed among the individuals of Makkah at an early age in light of his faithfulness and unwavering quality. He was generally known as Al-Ameen or fair, dependable. At 40 years old, when Mohammad was thinking at Mt. Hera, he got a divine revelation. The blessed messenger Gabriel said to him, ââ¬Å"Iqraâ⬠which implies ââ¬Å"to readâ⬠. Mohammad answered ââ¬Å"I can't readâ⬠. Gabriel grasped and discharged him. At that point the initial five sections of God were uncovered to him who stated, ââ¬Å"Rec ite for the sake of your Lord who made! He made man, out of a (unimportant) fabric of hardened blood. Recount; and thy Lord is generally plentiful. He who had educated by the pen, instructed man what he knew not. â⬠Mohammad began announcing the message of having faith in one God. The individuals who once called him ââ¬Å"Trustworthyâ⬠and ââ¬Å"Honestâ⬠boycotted and plotted to murder him. In 622 A. D. , because of declining everyday environments and social confinement, was broken in 629 A. D by the non-Muslims of the Makkans. Mohammad moved towards Makkah with 10,000 men and the fight was won without a solitary Prophet Mohammad relocated to Medina alongside his adherents. This flight was known as Hijrah and imprints the start of the Muslims schedule. Mohammad's message spread quickly and the quantity of adherents expanded in Medina. During the following barely any years, a progression of fights were battled between different clans of Makkah and the Muslims of Medina. In 628 A. D, the Treaty of Hudaibiyah was marked between the two gatherings. Ceasefire was announced for a long time. The settlement slaughter. Mohammad kicked the bucket in 632 A. D, at 63 years old in the city of Medina. Mohammad's demise brought a tremendous disaster among Muslims. Individuals could hardly imagine how Mohammad had left them until the end of time. A considerable lot of the devotees were astounded and troubled, and guaranteed him to be despite everything living. Around then Mohammad memorial service, Abu Bakr, who was the most regarded of the considerable number of supporters avowed that, ââ¬Å"O individuals, those of you who loved Mohammad, Mohammad has passed on. What's more, those of you who venerated God, God is as yet living. â⬠Now being a Muslim necessitates that they read their Quran or their book of scriptures. ââ¬Å"Readingâ⬠The Quran is the ââ¬Å"Word of Godâ⬠to Islam. Around 4/5 the length of the New Testament. Muslims accept the indistinguishable book is in Heaven and Allah sent the holy messenger Gabriel to Mohammed to uncover his ââ¬Å"Wordâ⬠. The Quran is isolated into 114 sections or Surahs. The Surahs are disclosures given to Mohammed during his 23 years of ââ¬Å"Prophet Hoodâ⬠from 610 AD to 632 AD. The Quran, created during Mohammedââ¬â¢s lifetime relates to the time and conditions of his life. The Surahs or sections can be isolated into three timeframes. The soonest Surahs are the most limited and known as Early Meccan, and date from 610 to 622 AD. Created in Mecca, before Hejira where Mohammed fled to Medina in September 622 AD. The Median Surahs were formed during the time Muslims controlled the city of Medina. They date from 622 to 630 AD. The precept of Jihad was presented as war was pursued against Mecca and its object of worship admirers. Animosity toward the Jews and Christians expanded as they dismissed Mohammed as a prophet from God. Late Meccan Surahs were somewhere in the range of 630 and 632 AD. The most recent 2 years of Mohammedââ¬â¢s life after Mecca gave up to his position. Surahs were right now not gathered in one book yet were remembered and gathered on different things. In the clash of Yamamah in 633 AD a significant number of the Hafiz passed on. The Hafiz were Muslims who had submitted a significant part of the Quran to memory. With the asking of Umar, Zayd ibn Thabit, one of Mohammed most believed secretaries was designated to the errand of gathering the Quran into one book. Still later after various adaptations of the Quran started to show up Zayd was placed responsible for gathering all the Qurans all through the Muslim world and giving an approved duplicate in the spot of oneââ¬â¢s gathered. The Quran makes the intrigue to its magnificence and consistency with past sacred texts as verification of its motivation. The instructing of Quran and Hadith (adages of Prophet Mohammad) spins around two Arabic words to be specific, Emaan (Faith) and Amaal (Acts). Emaan resembles the underlying foundations of a tree and Amaal are the stems, leaves or different pieces of it. Similarly as without the roots, the tree can't endure, also, without confidence, the demonstrations are pointless. The lessons of Quran underline for the most part on the convictions and a diagram the demonstrations, though the Hadith clarifies the two convictions and acts in subtleties. Muslims accept that in spite of the fact that there might be reservations in the Hadith, yet Quran is liberated from all the mix-ups and is trustworthy. Quran is involved 114 Surahs (parts) and 6236 Ayats (refrains). Quran was safeguarded through composition and remembrance. Without a doubt, today Quran is the main book which is completely retained by in excess of 10 million individuals everywhere throughout the world. The lessons of Quran affirm the disclosures of different books and sacred texts on different prophets. Be that as it may, simultaneously, every one of these books are viewed as ruined with time and don't contain the first content of God. The six articles of confidence are the primary tenets of Islam. All Muslims share convictions in God, Angels, Scriptures, Prophets, Resurrection and Divine Creed. They additionally have confidence in the five mainstays of confidence. These are obligations every Muslim performs to show their confidence. They include: Testimony of Faith, Prayer, Almsgiving, Fasting and Pilgrimage or traveling some place.
Saturday, August 22, 2020
How to Write a Good Essay For College Application
How to Write a Good Essay For College ApplicationHow to write a good essay for a college application is something that most students are looking for and they are also interested in knowing what to write in their essay. College applications are getting more competitive each year and the number of students applying for the same amount of space or the same jobs is going up as well. This means that it is important to be able to keep up with the competition and compete on a level playing field.Well, this is easier said than done. If you are not a top student and you have a good idea about your situation then you may be going up against older students who know what they are doing. So, when you think about how to write a good essay for a college application you should first consider the information that will help you excel at your essay writing.There are many different aspects of your writing skills that are dependent on your composition skill. The best way to improve your composition skill and improve your essay writing is to first take a look at some of the tips that will be provided to you so that you can create a well-written essay that will impress the admissions committee.The first important aspect that you should focus on is your writing style. You should take time to learn and understand how to use the proper grammar when you are writing. When you do not know the difference between a singular and a plural noun, you are not going to get very far. In addition, you should know how to use and explain any type of formula, jargon or any kind of technical words that will be used in your essay.Another aspect that you should consider when you are thinking about how to write a good essay for a college application is your research and knowledge. When you do not have any background in the subject matter, you should not assume that you know all of the facts. The admissions committee will not care how many years you went to school but they do care how well you learned the m aterial and what you have been able to put together yourself.Finally, you should use your essay to communicate ideas that relate to your strengths and abilities. The most common mistake that most students make when they are writing an essay is that they use an analytical style in their essay. You should remember that the only type of essay that will be accepted is one that is written with an analytical style. By writing in an analytical style you are only going to lose credibility and respect.One thing that you should always remember when you are trying to improve your writing skills is that you should be able to write in the present tense. It is not necessary to write in the future tense because the point of an essay is to talk about events that are currently happening. Therefore, if you can do this you are going to greatly improve your composition skills and you will be able to write a better essay than someone who does not have good writing skills.As you can see, the best way to improve your writing skills when you are thinking about how to write a good essay for a college application is to think about your writing ability and to take time to learn and understand it. Also, you should take the time to improve your knowledge of your subject so that you are confident in your writing ability.
Friday, August 21, 2020
Searching For Controversial Research Paper Topics
Recorded as a hard copy an exploration paper, the most essential thing is the point. It functions as the structure square of a superb research paper. It is properly said that on the off chance that the establishment of something is solid, at that point the structure stays for a bigger time and holds its worth. Same is the situation recorded as a hard copy an examination paper. On the off chance that the theme is picked cautiously and acutely, the examination is viable and draws in the consideration of the perusers. The inclination to develop a decent research subject is a basic capacity. Once in a while, the educator allots a particular subject to the understudy himself. Then again, regularly the teachers request that the understudies pick their own subject of intrigue or a particular theme for composing an examination. Elena at says: ââ¬Å"Topic for the exploration paper composing must be restricted just as adequately engaged to be alluring, yet wide enough to find satisfactory information and information.â⬠Tips to deal with your subject Conceptualize the considerations which are around you Post for the subjects on which writing readings and study should be possible Ensure that the title is helpful and sensible Detail a rundown of watchwords Attempt to be adaptable and flexible with your thoughts Stay unprejudiced with your point Build up an exploration question that why are have you chosen the specific thought Peruse as much as could be expected under the circumstances, about your point Research from various sources Lead a few meetings with the related characters Do pay visits to the related spots Counsel the specialists Give time for building up your subject Dubious and Diverse selection of Topics as indicated by the Subjects Subject: ANTHROPOLOGY The subject of human studies manages the investigation of human societies and the similar investigation of customs, conventions, activities, thoughts, foundations and encounters. Language and phonetics are likewise identified with this field. Human studies is a various field which can make a ton of themes for look into purposes. Understudies in the field of Anthropology can consolidate the various points to make a novel-fangled title and can do profound investigation in examine paper composing. A portion of the subjects identified with human sciences are written down beneath: The historical backdrop of government framework and the usage in todayââ¬â¢s world Reasons of AIDS in America Treatment of HIV/AID in West America Sub-landmass parcel and the amalgamation of Cultures The pattern of Chinese language and impact to Englishââ¬â¢s notoriety Impact of Hollywood on different societies Correspondence and Media Studies In this specific field of sociologies, hypotheses of correspondence, approaches to do successful correspondence, reinforcing of talking, tuning in and composing abilities are engaged. Likewise, the investigations identified with media advances and the impact on the coherent, provincial and social viewpoints are finished. Impact of media on our day by day life and youth is additionally worried in this field. The points identified with this field are: Hollywoodââ¬â¢s impact on assorted societies Correspondence holes among guardians and youngsters Effect of web based life on young people Effect of electronic games on youth ways of life Freedom to media and its aftermaths History of press media and its decay with the progression of time Relationship of USA with Iran and job of media Afghanistanââ¬â¢s common war and job of media History It is identified with the past of any region, any field, any hypothesis, any development, any unrest or some other thing. History is an indispensable piece of something either culture, language, governmental issues, science, and so on. It encourages the understudies to see that how the specific thing has advanced with time and how it influenced the way of life of people and the living framework in the specific territory. The points which can be considered for composing research paper under history are: French governmental issues Russian history How USA was conceived? How Britain controlled and attacked numerous districts? How Turkish Empire was advanced? Effect of Hitler on different pioneers The development for Black Americans and its usage The Mexican Drug war Cold war and its impact on the provincial history Writing It is the investigation of the composed material in type of composition, verse, speculations, perceptions just as experimentation. It might incorporate the learning of memoirs, life accounts, fiction, true to life, books, short stories and history related writings. The class may include: sentiment, experience, history, religion, riddle, and so forth. The points for the examination composing under this subject may include: Examination of scholars of various periods Normal topics introduced in a particular timespan The composing styles of English creators versus American creators The effect of verse on our musings and ways of life Effect of culture and raised in the composing styles Different points from various subjects and courses include: Pattern of voters turnouts in 1900s versus 2000s Development of Democracy Impact of music on our feelings and our slants Wretchedness: the mounting pattern Pattern of youth in governmental issues The tendency in pace of fetus removal Illicit drug use and its various outcomes Sex imbalance and the developments to advance Gender correspondence For what reason is USA still behind in Women Empowerment?
Thursday, June 4, 2020
Situational Irony Examples
Situational Irony Examples Situational Irony Irony is when something is said that is the opposite of what is meant or when something occurs that is the opposite of what is expected. There are three types of irony: verbal, situational, and dramatic. Situational Irony occurs when actions or events have the opposite result from what is expected or what is intended. Examples of Situational Irony: 1. Ralph wakes up late and thinks he is going to be late to school. After rushing around to get dressed, he realizes it is Saturday. 2. The fire station burns down while the firemen are out on a call. 3. Sara is trying to avoid a water gun fight that her brothers are having and she falls into a puddle. 4. A man who owns a lawn maintenance business cannot get grass to grow in his own backyard. Examples of Situational Irony in Literature: 1. In "The Gift of the Magi," by O. Henry, the husband sells his watch to buy his wife combs for her hair and the wife sells her hair to buy her husband a chain for his watch. 2. In the Rime of the Ancient Mariner by Coleridge, the men are surrounded by an ocean of water, but they are dying of thirst ("Water, water everywhere, nor any drop to drink.") 3. "The Story of an Hour," by Kate Chopin tells of a wife who learns that her husband is dead. She feels a sense of freedom as she thinks about a life without restriction. Then, he returns (he wasn't dead after all) and she dies of shock. 4. In "The Necklace" by Guy de Maupassant, a woman borrows what she thinks is a costly necklace from a friend and loses it. She and her husband sacrifice to replace it, only to learn years later that the necklace was a fake.
Sunday, May 17, 2020
Odysseus Is Responsible For His Subsequent Predicament
Odysseus is responsible for his subsequent predicament, because he believes that his cleverness entitles him to a double standard of treatment. While this double standard is the cause of his punishment, Homer shows that the pursuit of kleos makes these beliefs justifiable. Odysseus expects others to respect major Greek traditions, yet throughout the episode with Polyphemus, he violates the tradition whenever he feels necessary. Greeks believe that food crimes are some of the worst possible crimes people can commit. Since the Greeks equated meat to status, stealing meat meant robbing someone of their status. Odysseus does not respect this custom when he tries to steal the cyclopsââ¬â¢ livestock, which is how he ended up trapped in the cave in the first place. Yet when Polyphemus eats some of the men, an act that cyclopses do not identify as wrong, Odysseus is appalled. ââ¬Å"We flung our arms to Zeus, we wept and cried aloud, / looking on at his grisly workââ¬âparalyzed, appalledâ⬠(9.331-332). Odysseus expects Zeus to uphold this double standard by punishing the cyclops, who was merely acting on instinct, while condoning an intentional food crime. Similarly, Odysseus expects Polyphemus to respect xenia, while Odysseus mocks the all-important tradition. He asks the cyclops to give a gift to his guests, guests he customarily eats, yet Odysseus mocks the tradition himself by giving the cyclops an ironic and harmful gift. Odysseus gives the gift of wine with the intent toShow MoreRelated Achilles Vs Odysseus Essay example3811 Words à |à 16 PagesAchilles Odysseus Homers two central heroes, Odysseus and Achilles, are in many ways differing manifestations of the same themes. While Achilles character is almost utterly consistent in his rage, pride, and near divinity, Odysseus character is difficult to pin down to a single moral; though perhaps more human than Achilles, he remains more difficult to understand. Nevertheless, both heroes are defined not by their appearances, nor by the impressions they leave upon the minds of those aroundRead MoreEssay on The Odyssey21353 Words à |à 86 PagesThe Odyssey Set in ancient Greece, The Odyssey is about the hero Odysseus long-awaited return from the Trojan War to his homeland, Ithaca, after ten years of wandering. The current action of The Odyssey occupies the last six weeks of the ten years, and the narrative includes many places - Olympus, Ithaca, Pylos, Pherae, Sparta, Ogygia, and Scheria. In Books 9-12, Odysseus narrates the story of his travels in the years after the fall of Troy, and this narrative includes other far-flung
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Global Warming Is The Rise - 1536 Words
Global warming is the rise in the earthââ¬â¢s average atmospheric temperature. When sunlight heats the ground surface, it releases most of the solar energy it has absorbed as infrared radiation. Then what is known as the ââ¬Å"greenhouse effectâ⬠occurs, this is where the gases in the atmosphere absorb the re-radiated infrared radiation and the escape of these gases being released into space is prevented. As long as the composition of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere does not change, the heat in the atmosphere will remain constant by releasing the contained heat into space. It has been noted that greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide, water vapor, and methane, have been increasing steadily since the early 90ââ¬â¢s, and around this time the averageâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦In the year of 2012 alone, we had major record breaking events happen, we had the hottest January to June ever recorded in the continental United States. There were more than 22,000 daily high temperature records tied or broken, the largest drought declaration in over 50 years, one of the most destructive freak derecho storms in history, as well as fires in Colorado that destroyed more than 700 homes. ( www.nrdc.org ) Was this the cause of the human actives, natural events, or was it a part of the normal climate cycle, or could it have even been a combination of all three. There is an abundance of evidence that the global climate is warming, but the exact causes are unknown, one susceptive cause is actives of mankind. There are many different studies that show the level of greenhouse gasses in the atmosphere has increased since the second half of the 18 century also known as the Industrial Revolution. This is the time mankind started to make their carbon footprint on the environment. This footprint included technological changes such as the use of raw materials, new energy sources, the invention of new machines, new organization of work known as the factory systems, improvements in transportation and communication. While these actives have caused an increase in the amount of carbon dioxide, water vapor, methane and other pollutants that have affected the atmosphere, theShow MoreRelatedGlobal Warming is on the Rise Essay example766 Words à |à 4 PagesWithin the last few years, there has been an alarming increase in global warming which refers to â⠬Å"the phenomenon of greenhouse gas levels in the atmosphere to increase caused by human activitiesâ⬠(Maslin,2007). As the book ââ¬Å"Guà a bà ¡sica de la sostenibilidadâ⬠states: ââ¬Å"The construction industry is responsible of 50% of the global warming with the energy used in heating, illuminating and ventilating buildings.â⬠(Edwards, 2004) Therefore sustainability, which is understood as: ââ¬Å"a condition of existenceRead MoreGlobal Warming : The Persistent Rise Of Air And Sea Temperatures1212 Words à |à 5 PagesGlobal warming refers to the persistent rise of air and sea temperatures. Global temperatures in the 20th century have increased by 0.8 à °C (Weart, 2003). There has been a substantial rise of temperatures in the last few decades raising major concerns globally. If the current trends persist, it may be difficult for the earth to sustain life in the next 200 years. Global warming emanates from both human and natural causes. The current state of global warming is mostly related to human causes, as naturalRead MoreGlobal Warming : The Rise Of The Earth s Average Surf ace Temperature Essay1533 Words à |à 7 PagesLinzi Smith Patrick Wilson English 1101 4 December 2016 Global Warming Global warming can be defined as the rise of the ââ¬Å"Earthââ¬â¢s average surface temperatureâ⬠(Riebeek par. 2). Many scientists focus their careers on researching the causes, effects, and solutions of this phenomenon. While global warming is still considered highly controversial topic, there is research and statistics that help explain global warming is happening. Global warming is significant to not only to the lives of people todayRead MoreThe Effects Of Global Warming On Earth1577 Words à |à 7 Pagesthen heated up by the sunââ¬â¢s rays. Because of this, another phenomenon has come to be. It is known as global warming. Global warming is constant rise in the global average temperature near the surface of the earth. Although to some, global warming is nothing more than a myth, a rumor to scare the race into rethinking their selfish acts, but global warming is no myth. I believe that global warming is far from a myth, it is real and it is dangerous. The evidence is all around us. If you look to theRead MoreGlobal Warming And Its Effect On The Global Environment1144 Words à |à 5 PagesGlobal warming has emerged as one of the most serious concerns for scientists and environmentalists in the 21st century. This is based on the negative impact of global warming, which is not limited to deforestation, drastic variations in climate, decline in output of global agricultural industry, degradation of ice sheets in Antarctic, decrease in ocean productivity, rise in sea levels, and increase in tornadoes, hurricanes and floods. The primary reason for global warming has been identified asRead MoreGlobal Warming Is The Greatest Challenge Facing Our Planet1314 Words à |à 6 PagesGlobal warming is the greatest challenge facing our planet. It is, in fact, the increase in the temperature of the earthââ¬â¢s neon- surface air. It is one of the most current and widely discussed factors. It has far-reaching impact on biodiversity and climatic conditions of the planet. Several current trends clearly demonstrate that global warming is directly impacting on rising sea levels, the melting of ice caps and significant worldwide climate changes. In short, global warming represents a fundamentalRead MoreEssay Global Warming is a Myth773 Words à |à 4 PagesPicture this: Your freezer breaks down. The temperature inside the freezer rises. The ice cubes start to melt and turn into liquid. The freezer starts to flood because of all the liquid from the ice cubes. Now, imagine that your freezer is the Earth. What your freezer has just experienced is similar to what happens to the Earth during global warming. Those who believe in global warming warn that it causes a significant rise in temperature in the Earths atmosphere and oceans, but after doing muchRead MoreGlobal Warming and Its Effects1352 Words à |à 6 PagesGLOBAL WARMING AND ITS EFFECTS Global Warming effects on the natural balance of environment. The world climate is going a significant change day by day. There are many causes of Global Warming. The destruction and burning down of tropical forests , traffic clogging up the city streets , rapid growth of unplanned industries, the use of CFCs in packaging and manufacturing products, the use of detergents etc. cause Global Warming. Besides, overpopulation, deforestation are the causative factorsRead MoreGlobal Warming And Climate Change974 Words à |à 4 Pagesabout global warming, whether it is true or false. Is there evidence to prove that global warming has impacted the climate due to the rise in the earthââ¬â¢s temperature? Climate change is a problem that is worldwide that should be reviewed. The rise in the earthââ¬â¢s temperature has caused some impact to the weather and climate changes to many places worldwide. This rise in temperature has the potential of causing drastic changes to the earth in many ways. It is time to view the global warming concernsRead MoreGlobal Warming . Global Warming Is Phenomena Linked Wit h1504 Words à |à 7 PagesGlobal Warming Global warming is phenomena linked with temperature rising because of emissions of carbondioxide and other gases. It is one of the most important debates of today because of seriousness of its impact on life on earth. The issue though is debated for its being just a reality or as a theory. Scientists are of the view and they provide evidences as well to support their argument that industrializationand energy utilization has caused emissions of certain gases to our atmosphere. Those
Tuesday, May 5, 2020
Purpose of Power System Protection free essay sample
Purpose of POWER System protection The purpose of any power system is to generate, transmit, and distribute electricity to the consumer in a manner that is safe, reliable, and economical; both in the short and long term. Under normal operating conditions, the currents, voltages, power, and energy associated with such systems are all matched to meet the systemââ¬â¢s design requirements with respect to reliability, quality, safety, and economy. To ensure maximum returns on the large or expensive investments in the components which go to make up the power system and to keep the customers satisfied with reliable (i. e. , adequate and secure) service, the power system must be kept in operation continuously without major breakdowns and consequently without violating the design limits (because of abnormal currents, voltages, or power). This can be achieved in two ways: (i) Implement a system adopting/using components, which should not fail (i. . , failure-free components) and requires the least or nil maintenance to maintain the adequacy and security of supply. We will write a custom essay sample on Purpose of Power System Protection or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page By common sense, implementing such a system is neither economical nor feasible, except for small systems. (ii) Foresee or anticipate any possible/credible effects or failure events that may cause long term shutdown of a system, which in turn may take longer time to bring back the system to its normal course. The main idea is to restrict or minimise the disturbances during such failures or events to a limited area and continue power supply in the balance/unaffected areas. The second approach is the one commonly used in practical power systems. To realise it, special equipment is normally installed to continuously monitor the power system to detect undesired conditions that present a threat to system reliability (adequacy and security) and take (initiate) action to remove the threat from the system with minimal adverse effects (i. e. detect abnormalities that can possibly happen in various sections of a power system, and to isolate affected sections so that the interruption of supply is limited to a localised area in the total system covering various areas and damage to expensive electrical equipment is limited and safety of personnel provided). This special equipment used to detect such possible failures or faults and initiate their removal is referred to as ââ¬Å"protective equipment or deviceâ⬠and the system that uses such devices is termed as ââ¬Å"protection system or schemeâ⬠. Thus, the objective of protection in a power ystem is to minimise the risk of damage to equipment, risk of life threat to personnel, and risk of supply interruptions or loss of service to unaffected portions of the system when faults and other abnormal conditions occur. Protective devices do not, therefore, prevent a fault or any other adverse condition from occurring in the system; they only mitigate or avert the consequences of such conditions whenever they occur through quick isolation or removal of the problem. The typical effects or consequences of fault conditions are discussed in the following section. Summary: There are several reasons to use protective devices in power systems:- (i) to provide alarm when measured process or quantity limits are exceeded, thereby allowing operators an opportunity to intervene with corrective actions; (ii) to isolate faulted equipment or circuits from the remainder of the system so that the system can continue to function; (iii) to limit damage to faulted equipment by quickly isolating from the system and hence reducing the duration of the problem; (iv) to minimise the possibility of fire or catastrophic damage to adjacent equipment; (v) to minimise hazards to personnel; and vi) to provide post-fault information to help analyse the root cause.
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